Making important concepts accessible to undergraduates, Sedimentary Geology shows you how sedimentary strata serve geologists as a continuous record of Earth's history. Taking on a conversational style, the authors present content ideal for for a first course in sedimentary geology or sedimentary rocks and stratigraphy.
Flood geology began to break down when geologists looked closer at the rocks. Soon they began to find supposedly Primitive granites that had once been molten and had cut across and intruded through Secondary sedimentary rocks, showing that the granites had to be younger than the sedimentary rocks. In addition, sandstones, shales, and limestones all over Europe looked similar, so matching them up from one place to another was difficult. The next breakthrough occurred in the 1790s, when William Smith, an untutored engineer for a canal company in southern England, began collect fossils from the fresh canal excavations. He noticed that each rock formation had its own distinctive suite of fossils and that no two formations had identical fossil contents. He soon became so good at recognizing this pattern of faunal succession that he could amaze the wealthy gentlemen-collectors by telling them exactly where their fossil collections came from. More importantly, faunal succession helped him map the rock formations and determine their precise sequence, because each sandstone or shale or limestone had a different fossil assemblage from the formations above it and below it. By the 1820s, geologists had mapped most of the formations of England and Wales on the basis of their fossil content and had begun to coin the terms, such as Carboniferous and Cretaceous, that make up the geologic timescale we used today.
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